Pet Digestion

Today's Topic :- Pet Digestion
Adapted From : - www.healthypets.in

With the holiday season coming up it's tempting to spoil our pets with food from our plates. However, there are many foods that can cause your cat or dog to get seriously ill. It's always important to be careful what we feed them and just as important that we remind our friends and family.
There are many common foods that we love to eat but when given to our pet it can cause serious health problems. A common misconception is that food is the only hazard to our pets; however, there are many plants that can be just as hazardous

Pet Digestion

During the holidays don't let your pet get caught with digestion problems such as gas, diarrhea and vomiting. It's a common mis-conception that these problems can occur when giving cats or dogs the wrong food. Anyone who has ever been around their pet when they had gas knows that the problem occur even with proper nutrition. However, there are things owners can do to help keep their pet feeling his or he best, try one of the following great products.


Vetasyl Fiber Supplement -
Great supplement that helps with natural elimination without using chemicals. The supplement also helps to provide relieve from constipatio

Methigel - Helps with maintaining acidic urine. Additional benefits include help with controlling urine odor. When combined with the proper diet the supplement also helps to maintain a healthy urinary tract.

FortiFlora Feline - made by Purina, FortiFlora is a nutritional supplement that held to manage diarrhea in cats. Additional uses include help with managing unhealthy stools, restoring normal intestinal health and balance. An added benefit to the supplement is that it contains protein, vitamins, and minerals. Easy to use- simply mix with your cat's favorite food.

FortiFlora Canine - FortiFlora Canine has the same great benefits as FortiFlora Feline but in a formula specially tailored to dogs.

GastriCalm - A supplement made for dogs, GastiCalm helps to reduce flatulence, bowel discomfort and gassy odors. The supplement is easy to administer and contains ingredients such as Vitamin E, Cellulose Natural Liver Flavor and Zinc-Carnosine

Anti-Gas - The supplement can be used to help reduce flatulence, bowel discomfort and decrease unpleasant gassy odors.

DiaBac - This is an orally administered supplement that helps to aid in controlling bacterial diarrhea symptoms such as E. coli and Salmonella. The supplement is easy to give and is available in canine or feline formulas.

Geneflora - Geneflora for Pets contains the beneficial bacteria, Bacillus coagulans which is a hardy, naturally heat-resistant bacteria that are able to easily survive the stomach acid and reach the intestines where they can thrive and help to correct digestive imbalances.
Owner's looking for other great supplements should look at

VBG Diarrhea Control Gel
for cats and Methio-Form. A nice supplement to give your pet during the holidays is CranVet for cats and dogs. This supplement allows pet owners to help their pet while giving them a little cranberry with dinner. CranVet helps cats and dogs infected with urinary tract infections. The supplement contains 40 mg of cranberry extract and is easy to administer. CranVet can also be used to support urinary tract health.

During the holidays all owner's want to keep their lawn looking green. Unfortunately, many lawns get damaged due to urine and feces from cats and dogs. One thing that cat and dog owners can do is give their pet

Green-Um. Green-Um is a natural nutrition supplement that helps to prevent unsightly law burn. Some of the ingredients in Green-Um are Vitamin B1, Vitamin B6, Yeast, Biotin, Vitamin B12 and Amino Acids.
Pet owner's should always be cautious of what they feed pet. However, during the holidays it can be especially tough. Tempting as it is to give your cat or dog food off your plate it is always better to be safe. There are a lot great cat and dog treats that we can give our pet. Not only do these treats taste good but they're good for them. Owner's can be happy knowing they gave their cat or dog treats formulated for their digestive system. For great treat ideas visit our

Toys and Treats
section. And for those un-soundly digestive problems remember to help your pet by giving them of the great supplements mentioned above. Keeping your pet happy, healthy, and safe.

5 Reasons to Make Pet Treats at Home:

Today's Topic :- 5 Reasons to Make Pet Treats at Home:

Adapted From : - www.healthypets.in

1) . Good For Your Wallet -
Most pet treats are made from ingredients readily available at home. Also, batters and dough can be stored for future use and multiple batches can be made.
2). Heatlhy for Your Pets-
Pets need someone to think about their food intake just like children need it. Knowing what is inside of your pet's food is imperative to your pet's health.
3). Makes anAffordable Gift -
Maybe you can't shell out a bottle of wine for every house party you go to, so next time bring a great, healthy snack for your friend's dogs instead.
4). Saves Trips to the Store-
Making treats at home will save time and money. Maybe you and your pet can spend that extra time playing fetch instead.
5). Your Pet Will Appreciate It -
They may not be able to understand why you are in the kitchen covered in flour, but they will understand when you give them a treat made from the heart inside your own home.

When You Should Rush Your Dog to The Vet

Today's Topic :- When You Should Rush Your Dog to The Vet
Adapted From :- www.healthypets.in

Don't hesitate: If you see these symptoms, get your dog to a veterinarian immediately!

• Swelling of the abdomen

This is the primary symptom of Bloat, which can kill very quickly. Bloat happens mainly in deep-chested dogs, such as the Basset Hound, Great Dane, and other large breed dogs.

• Uncontrollable bleeding

If your dog is ever bleeding heavily, and the bleeding does not slow down right away, please take him to the veterinarian immediately to have his injury taken care of. A dog can die of blood loss very quickly.

• Lethargy

This is a symptom often overlooked. If your dog is conscious, but unresponsive it could be a sign of a serious or life-threatening illness, such as:Poisoning, Brucellosis, Rabies, Blastomycosis and many more.

• Thick mucous discharge from the anus

This is usually a sure sign of a bowel obstruction, and it is often accompanied by a high fever, lethargy, and an almost "hunched-up" posture. If your dog is exhibiting these signs, emergency veterinary is needed as soon as possible. Bowel obstructions cause hypovolemia and shock and can cause death if left untreated for even a short amount of time.

• Vomiting blood (hematemesis)

A scarey sight, and one that could indicate a variety of problems, including a foriegn object in the system, possibily causing puncture wounds, poisoning, ulcers, blood disorders, and even cancer

Rabies in the Cat

Today's Topic :- Rabies in the Cat
Adapted From :- www.healthypets.in

What is rabies?
Rabies is a disease caused by a virus that attacks the brain. It can affect any warm-blooded animal, including cats and humans. It is almost always fatal.

What are the signs of rabies?

There are three stages of the disease. The first is the "prodromal" phase in which there is a marked change in temperament. The quiet cat becomes agitated, and the active cat becomes nervous or shy. Other signs include dilated pupils, excessive drooling, and snapping at imaginary objects. After 2-3 days, the second phase begins. It is called the "excitatory" phase. There is an exaggerated response to any stimulus. Cats may experience bizarre changes in appetite including eating and swallowing sticks, stones, and other objects. The cat may roam aimlessly, inflict trauma upon itself, and have a change in voice. There will often be vicious, aggressive behavior, even towards its owner. Seizures may occur. Sometimes there is a third form, the "dumb" form, in which the cat becomes extremely depressed. Its mouth may gape open with the tongue protruding. A progressive paralysis sets in resulting in total body paralysis.


What happens next?
Ultimately, the cat dies. Although a few, rare cats have survived rabies, these are clearly exceptional cases.

How do I know if a cat has rabies?
There are a number of diseases which can cause some of the signs of rabies. A few conditions can be very similar. Confirmation of rabies can only be made with special tests performed on brain tissue. This requires that the cat be euthanized and his head sent to a special diagnostic laboratory.
Can I contract rabies?
Yes. But rabies is only transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal to another mammal. Even then, the virus is present in saliva of the infected animal for a limited time. If you are bitten by any animal of which you do not know the rabies vaccination status, you should immediately wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water. Try to establish who owns the animal and whether the pet is currently vaccinated for rabies. In any case, seek the advice of your physician. Post-exposure rabies treatment with serum or vaccine may be recommended. This is very successful when begun quickly.


What wild animals are most likely to carry rabies?
All mammals can catch rabies, but some are more susceptible than others. Foxes, skunks, and raccoons are particularly prone to rabies, and one should be very careful if any wild animal seems overly approachable or aggressive


Should I get my cat vaccinated?

Absolutely (and it is required by law in many locales). Rabies vaccines are very safe and very effective. It is recommended for all cats and required by law in many locales. The public health concern is so significant that even totally indoor cats should be vaccinated. Vaccination for rabies is usually performed at three to four months of age, and then every one to three years (depending on the vaccine and the local laws) thereafter.

Cat Diseases

Today's Topic :- Cat Diseases
Adapted From :- www.healthypets.in

There are many diseases, which are common to cats. If ignored some of these diseases may turn out to be fatal. But most of these diseases can be prevented by taking care of simple things. Firstly, keep your cat indoors. Secondly, get your cat vaccinated against some common cat diseases.Some of the common cat diseases are:Upper respiratory infections (URIs).URIs are similar to the common cold in humans. Symptoms include sneezing, running nose and eyes, reddened eyes, fever, and decreased appetite. If left untreated URIs can be fatal. These airborne viruses are highly contagious; they can be transmitted to cats through human handling and through contact with other cats and with inanimate objects such as litter boxes, food bowls, and grooming tools.Separate any new cat from your other cats for at least three weeks until you are sure that the newcomer doesn't have any symptoms of a URI. Prevention is the best approach to URIs. Get your cat vaccinated. But if your cat exhibits URI symptoms contact your veterinarian immediately. The veterinarian will probably prescribe a dosage of antibiotics to prevent secondary infections and give you precise care instructions. Follow them carefully and make sure your cat eats and drinks sufficiently.RabiesRabies is a fatal and one of the more common cat diseases. It is a viral illness that is transmitted through bite wounds from infected animals and attacks the nervous system. Prevent rabies through vaccination and by keeping your cat indoors.Feline panleukopeniaAlso known as feline distemper, this is a highly contagious viral disease that can be transmitted through contact with humans, infected cats, clothing, hair, paws, food bowls, and even cat carriers. The disease comes on suddenly with vomiting, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. Prevent this disease by getting your cat vaccinated against this virus.Feline leukemia virus (FeLV). FeLV is a fatal infectious virus that affects the immune system and can cause several forms of cancer and other associated diseases. It is transmitted through the saliva, urine, and faeces of infected cats.Blood tests can diagnose this disease. The cat should be tested before being vaccinated. Prevention is the only cure for this disease. Get your cat vaccinated and keep it indoors.Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) FIV is similar to human acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) but the disease causing virus is different. This fatal virus attacks the immune system, causing a variety of symptoms. General symptoms include chronic, non-responding infections; respiratory problems; appetite loss; persistent diarrhoea; and severe oral infections. FIV is passed from cat to cat primarily through bites. There is currently no vaccination or cure for FIV. Keep your cat inside to prevent it from contacting FIV.Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). FIP is deadly virus that is fatal to cats. This virus can take two forms, commonly referred to as wet (which involves fluid in the abdomen) and dry (which does not). Both forms of FIP may cause fever, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhoea, and loss of appetite. There is no effective treatment for FIP. The best way to prevent this disease is to keep your cat indoors away from strange animals and remain up-to-date on vaccines

HOLISTIC LIVER TREATMENT

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Todays Tips-Holistic Liver treatment
Natural treatments ensure liver health for your dog.
A partial list of the day-to-day chores a dog’s liver must accomplish includes removing toxins, aiding digestion, facilitating the immune system, producing antioxidants, processing hormones, converting proteins into amino acids, producing blood-clotting factors, and metabolizing and storing vitamins and fat. It is no wonder the liver can become overwhelmed on occasion.
When a practitioner uses alternative medicines, he may use one or more methods for diagnosing disease. Most holistic practitioners still rely primarily on Western diagnostic techniques.
For liver problems, then, the practitioner would observe physical signs (jaundice, for example) and laboratory results (such as an elevated alanine aminotransferase, or ALT) to indicate liver dysfunction. A practitioner using acupuncture would also link certain emotions and seemingly unrelated physical symptoms to diagnose a liver that has, in terms of Eastern medicine, an excess or diminished flow of chi (energy).
Natural medicines for the liver. Because the liver has a multitude of functions, and because there are many ways to diagnose its problems, there are many natural directions we can take to help keep it healthy.
Quality nutrition helps make the liver’s task of digestion easier, and some specific nutrients are believed to promote liver health. The amino acids arginine and carnitine are important in liver metabolism as are the supplements choline and inositol.
Antioxidants help the liver with its task of detoxification, and they can be found in many culinary herbs (spices), fresh vegetables, and fruits. Make sure your dog is receiving appropriate dietary levels of the vitamins A, C, E, B-1, B-6, and selenium.
Perhaps the best thing you can do for your dog’s health is to persuade him that some daily fresh vegetables and fruits would be to his benefit. Fresh foods are an excellent source of nutrients, vitamins and antioxidants.
Whenever we use nutrients or supplements to help maintain the health of the liver (or any organ system), it is essential to maintain a balance of the nutrients being used. An excess of any one nutrient or an imbalance between nutrients that act synergistically can cause more harm than good. Check with a qualified practitioner who knows how to balance nutrients before you try to manipulate your dog’s diet.
Herbal remedies. A host of herbal remedies enhance liver function, help keep the liver healthy, and help repair damage to liver cells. They include dandelion, milk thistle and artichoke.
• Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is one of the strongest-acting cholagogues known. A cholagogue is an agent that increases the production of bile by the liver, and dandelion does so by more than 50 percent. In addition, it has a direct effect on the liver, causing an increased bile flow to the gallbladder (cholerectic effect). Clinically, dandelion has been shown to benefit patients with colitis, liver congestion, gallstones, and several forms of liver insufficiency.
• Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is an herb that works by acting on liver- cell membranes to prevent the entry of toxins. It also enhances protein synthesis in cells, making it an effective treatment for hepatic inflammation. Its toxin-fighting ability is illustrated by the fact that it is the only known remedy that is effective for treating poisoning by the deadly amanita mushroom (which has such common names as Death Cap and Destroying Angel).
• Artichoke (Cynara scolymus). The leaves of artichoke enhance the regeneration of damaged liver cells and stimulate the production of bile. In addition, the herb is a potent antioxidant, further helping the liver in its detoxification role.
The beauty of using herbs is that they often provide multiple benefits. For example, dandelion is a liver and kidney tonic and a potent diuretic, making it an excellent choice for treating both liver and urinary conditions.
For herbal remedies, I prefer using the whole herb, and for most dogs, a maintenance dose of the herb can be hidden in a meaty treat or even sprinkled over the food several times a week. For therapeutic dosages that can be administered via capsules or tinctures, it’s best to check with someone who has experience using herbal medicines for pets.
We can help the liver accomplish its chore of removing toxins by helping enhance the flow of lymph. Along with herbal lymph cleansers such as yellow dock (Rumex crispus) and cleavers (Galium aparine), massage is an excellent way to accomplish this.
I like massage because it can be used on several different levels. At its most basic level, massage is nothing more than rubbing with focus and intent. To move lymph, focus your rubbing movements so they gently massage from the extremities toward the heart. Massage can also be directed to helping the liver, as with acupuncture. If you want a quality massage for your dog, you can go to a massage therapist trained in animal care or to one of several massage schools where you can learn the techniques yourself.
Acupuncture is an alternative medicine that uses thin needles specifically placed along meridians of energy (chi) flow to treat a variety of conditions. Organ systems are associated with the meridians, and the liver meridian begins at the top of the dog’s inner toe of the hind leg, runs along the medial aspect of the hind leg, courses through the abdomen and liver, and connects with the lung meridian in the chest.
Acupuncturists who note a stressed liver or one that is not functioning correctly, as evidenced by physical signs or emotional symptoms such as anger, would place needles to help balance the flow of chi through the liver meridian. For home care, you can massage the dog’s inner thigh and abdomen, especially along the lower and mid-rib areas along the line of teats. A second area good for the liver and gallbladder is along the back, just lateral to the spine, at the level of the lower ribs.
Flower essences (Bach Flowers). Flower essences are remedies that are used primarily for emotional problems, so they fit into the mold of thinking about the liver as an organ that is disturbed by anger or frustration. Impatiens is an essence that applies to dogs that are quick to anger, and Star of Bethlehem would apply to the animal that is angry as a result of being abused. Essences are extremely safe to use, and they can be administered in a dog’s water, directly into its mouth (via droppers), or diluted and spritzed over its body.
Aromatherapy. Aromatherapy is another alternative method that may be helpful for combating liver ailments, especially when we view liver conditions as a consequence of emotional problems. Aromatherapy uses aroma for healing and works on many levels, both physical and emotional.
Aromatherapy can be used for dogs by wafting the aromas into areas where the dog stays (using plug-in atomizers, for example) or putting a small dab of the oil on the back of the dog’s neck where he can’t lick it off.
The oils of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) are calming and relaxing, and azulene, a chemical component of the plant, stimulates liver regeneration and acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. Other aromatherapy remedies that may be helpful include Rosemary Verbenon (a chemotype of rosemary), reputed to offer liver and gall bladder support, and thyme, which is a liver stimulant.

Lizards May Lessen Lyme Disease

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Today's Topic : - Lizards May Lessen Lyme Disease

Scientists have found that ticks who feast on the blood of the common western fence lizard are purged of Lyme disease bacteria within their gut. It is thought that a protein in the lizard's blood destroys the bacteria that would otherwise thrive in the belly of the tick and would later be transmitted to humans. The protein is yet to be identified

Robert Lane, an insect biologist at UC Berkeley and his colleague conducted laboratory experiments using young Lyme disease-infected ticks and fence lizards. The ticks are about the size of a poppy seed in the nymphal stage, during which they feed on the blood of the lizards. Commonly found are 30 to 40 ticks at one time sharing the blood of a single fence lizard. Though the infected adult female ticks threaten to transmit Lyme disease to humans, the smaller nymphal ticks are most jeopardous because they are hard to find and also capable of transmitting the disease.

Lyme Disease Killing Protein

Test tube experiments revealed that Lyme disease bacteria soaked with lizard's blood died within one hour, compared to samples grown in mouse blood which lasted three days. Researchers heated lizard blood to the boiling point and discovered it no longer killed the bacteria in the test tube. Lab tests showed that after infected nymphs fed on lizards and then metamorphosed into adult ticks, they were no longer infected.
The sum of these results indicates what Lane called a "spirochete-killing factor" which is likely a large protein. Researchers are now attempting to determine the exact nature of the Lyme disease killing protein. Once found, the hope is it will be useful in creating a treatment for the disease.

Vaccines and Sarcomas:A Concern for Cat Owners

Todays Topic :- Vaccines and Sarcomas:A Concern for Cat Owners


Is this something new?

Sarcomas are not new forms of cancer in cats. But in 1991, veterinarians began to notice a higher than expected number of sarcomas occurring on cats' bodies in places where vaccines are commonly injected. Subsequently, an association between vaccine administration and sarcoma development has been established. Most feline sarcomas are not associated with vaccines in any way—and those that are associated occur infrequently—yet veterinarians are deeply concerned.

I found a lump where my cat was vaccinated. What happens now?

It is quite common for a small, firm, painless swelling to form under the skin at the site where a vaccine was injected. The lump is almost always of no consequence and disappears after several weeks. Rarely, however, the swelling may progress to a sarcoma. To be on the safe side, your veterinarian will suggest that you periodically check the vaccination area for several months after vaccination. If you detect a lump, you should contact your veterinarian as soon as possible. Small samples of the lump will be sent to a laboratory for diagnosis if any of the following are true:
The lump persists for more than three months after vaccination.
It is larger than two centimeters in diameter (about the size of an olive)
It is increasing in size one month after vaccination.
If the lump is found to be a sarcoma, your veterinarian may confer with or refer you to a veterinary oncologist (a cancer specialist) for management.

If vaccines are causing problems, why use them at all?

Disturbing as this issue may be, there is great concern that cat owners, attempting to keep their cats from harm, may forego vaccination entirely. The result? Though well intentioned, these owners may be placing their cats at far greater risk of acquiring a fatal infection than any risk the vaccine poses. And in the case of rabies, human health is at risk as well.

EXCESSIVE GRASS EATING IN DOGS

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Todays Tips-Excessive grass eating in Dogs
There are many common opinions about why dogs eat grass, and unfortunately most of them are ill-founded. For example, most people think dogs eat grass to intentionally make themselves sick. In most cases when a dog eats grass, however, the dog is not sick, nor does he have any underlying symptoms that may lead you to think he would want to be sick. Some dog owners will witness a specific correlation between eating grass and being sick but unfortunately there just is not enough evidence for this as a primary, common reason.
Studies have been carried out to try and link grass easting with illness, vitamin or mineral deficiencies and lack of roughage in the diet, none of which found any significant evidence. In some cases, you see dogs only eating grass from specific areas, suggesting these might just taste better or have higher mineral deposits. Other ideas include that these are areas where other dogs have scented, or other animals have urinated.
In most cases, routinely eating small amounts of grass will do no harm, and is perfectly normal. The dangers exist where this consumption is excessive. Apart from not being easily digestible, there is a danger where vomiting occurs that pieces of grass are deposited in the nasal cavity, which can lead to infection.
if this excessive consumption has occurred suddenly, check his stools and urine for any changes. Also monitor his behavior. If you don't notice any other changes in his health or behavior, it is probably safe for you to wait and see if this is a temporary habit, or if it only happens in a specific place which you can avoid. However, if it continues, is affecting his consumption of his regular diet, or you notice any other minor health problems you should take him for a thorough medical examination.

ARTHRITIS IN DOGS:WHAT YOU CAN DO AT HOME

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Todays Tips-Caring for your arthritic dog involves paying attention to his comfort
In addition to receiving regular holistic care from an experienced veterinarian, you can comfort your arthritic pet at home by providing holistic care. Obviously, the treatments that require training such as acupuncture, homeopathy, chiropractic, and herbal medicine should not be attempted by you, a lay person, but there are many things you can do to boost the health of your pet, as well as decrease his pain significantly.
Caring for your arthritic pet involves paying attention to the animals comfort. For example, one of the first things you should do for your pet is make sure he has a comfortable bed. There are orthopedic beds with special pads that distribute your pets weight better than a regular pet bed. With a heavy pet, such as a giant dog, this weight distribution can be particularly critical; but an arthritic cat benefits from proper bedding just as much as a heavier animal. If you make your pets bed yourself, make sure the padding isn't too deep because that would make it difficult for an arthritic animal to rise.
Also, take a good look at your home and yard and re-evaluate it for a pet who has trouble moving. Can your pet comfortably reach his food? You might consider elevating food and water bowls. Where do you keep your pets bed? Is it on the ground floor, or does your pet have to jump up or climb stairs to reach a favorite sleeping spot? With an arthritic cat, be sure to consider the litter box. How well can your cat climb in and out? You may want to consider providing your cat with a flatter pan-style box. Another problem can be slick floors. Your pet may need better traction in his living areas.
Remember to pay attention to your pets mental/ emotional condition, as well. Many diseases are thought to worsen if the patient is suffering from stress. A change in routine is enough to stress your pet or make him increasingly despondent. Many holistic practitioners believe that a pets immune system is heightened if the animal is happy. So try to avoid situations that stress your pet.
Keep a careful eye on your pet and report any signifi-can't changes in your pets health to your veterinarian immediately. Also, don't assume that because your pet shows signs of arthritic pain that he has arthritis. Early intervention is key to the success of treating arthritic patients. Unless your veterinarian makes the diagnosis of arthritis, it may not be arthritis. There are many curable diseases that cause arthritis-like symptoms. Make sure you confirm your suspicions and seek professional treatment.

ARTHRITIS IN DOGS:WHAT YOU CAN DO AT HOME

In addition to receiving regular holistic care from an experienced veterinarian, you can comfort your arthritic pet at home by providing holistic care. Obviously, the treatments that require training such as acupuncture, homeopathy, chiropractic, and herbal medicine should not be attempted by you, a lay person, but there are many things you can do to boost the health of your pet, as well as decrease his pain significantly.
Caring for your arthritic pet involves paying attention to the animals comfort. For example, one of the first things you should do for your pet is make sure he has a comfortable bed. There are orthopedic beds with special pads that distribute your pets weight better than a regular pet bed. With a heavy pet, such as a giant dog, this weight distribution can be particularly critical; but an arthritic cat benefits from proper bedding just as much as a heavier animal. If you make your pets bed yourself, make sure the padding isn't too deep because that would make it difficult for an arthritic animal to rise.
Also, take a good look at your home and yard and re-evaluate it for a pet who has trouble moving. Can your pet comfortably reach his food? You might consider elevating food and water bowls. Where do you keep your pets bed? Is it on the ground floor, or does your pet have to jump up or climb stairs to reach a favorite sleeping spot? With an arthritic cat, be sure to consider the litter box. How well can your cat climb in and out? You may want to consider providing your cat with a flatter pan-style box. Another problem can be slick floors. Your pet may need better traction in his living areas.
Remember to pay attention to your pets mental/ emotional condition, as well. Many diseases are thought to worsen if the patient is suffering from stress. A change in routine is enough to stress your pet or make him increasingly despondent. Many holistic practitioners believe that a pets immune system is heightened if the animal is happy. So try to avoid situations that stress your pet.
Keep a careful eye on your pet and report any signifi-can't changes in your pets health to your veterinarian immediately. Also, don't assume that because your pet shows signs of arthritic pain that he has arthritis. Early intervention is key to the success of treating arthritic patients. Unless your veterinarian makes the diagnosis of arthritis, it may not be arthritis. There are many curable diseases that cause arthritis-like symptoms. Make sure you confirm your suspicions and seek professional treatment.

CUSHING DISEASE IN DOGS AND THE TREATMENT OPTIONS

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Todays Tips-Learn about Cushings Disease in Dogs and the treatment options
Cushings disease in dogs is a terrible disorder that usually affects older canines. Most often it can be mistaken for the dog's natural aging process, due to similar symptoms. While Cushings is the common name for the disorder, a more accurate medical term is actually hyperadrenocorticism, so if your veterinarian gives a diagnosis with that term, do not be alarmed, your dog actually has Canine Cushings Disease. It is marked by the generation of far too many hormones, such as corticosteroids, from their adrenal glands, giving rise to their ailments.
So how do you know if your animal has canine cushings disease or is simply getting old? Well, Cushings Disease in dogs is generally characterized by increased appetite, drinking and urination, as well as massive shedding and heavy panting. While these are all symptoms of an aging, or perhaps diabetic dog, there are also specific traits to look out for. Cushings Disease dogs will have noticeable thinning of the skin, and an increased amount of skin infections. Furthermore, be aware of hard lumps under the skin, as this could be a sign.
If you notice any of the symptoms above, consult your veterinarian for a diagnosis. Don't worry; the process is simple and relatively painless for your pooch. The main method of diagnosis is a simple blood test how high the adrenal gland hormone levels are. If the veterinarian determines the levels are far above normal, Cushings Disease in dogs may be too blame, and your animal will undergo a series of x-ray tests to determine the extent of the problem. It is generally caused by tumors in either the pituitary gland or the adrenal gland, so the x-ray is helpful in determining which gland should pinpointed for therapy.
What are the treatment options?
Some of the most promising and newest remedies for Cushing's are natural treatments that can normalize adrenal function and reduce circulating levels of corticosteroids such as Cushex Drops from Pet Alive Natural Products.
Cushings Disease dogs will greatly benefit if they have an adrenal gland tumor, as the practiced treatment for such ailment is to simply remove the whole gland. Unfortunately Cushings disease in dogs is blamed on an adrenal gland tumor only fifteen percent of the time, so a good eighty five percent of cases are due to pituitary gland tumors. In the case that cushings disease in dogs has manifested itself in your animal's pituitary gland, then a mechanical removal becomes out of the question since risk of damage to the gland is too high to be considered practical. Instead, the common chemotherapy for cushings disease in dogs is to use either Lysodren or Ketaconazole to destroy the tumor. Much like with human chemotherapies, expect some adverse results to the chemicals. The symptoms to watch for include: lethargy, lack of appetite, diarrhea and vomiting. As always, be sure to let your veterinarian know if your dog is exhibiting any of those symptoms.
Maybe you're not a fan of treating cushings disease dogs with powerful chemicals. If that's the case, then perhaps a diet change is all a dog really needs. A natural diet, consisting of raw meats and plenty of vegetables may be just what the doctor ordered as a healthy alternative cure for cushings disease in dogs. There are various diets available that help balance the metabolism to support a normal relationship between the adrenal glands and the rest of the dog's systems. Also, since a buildup of corticosteroids ultimately damages your canine cushings disease stricken dog's immune system, you can get diets consisting mostly of antioxidants to combat tumors and strengthen immune systems with one fell swoop.
Recently, two new drugs have become available to treat cushings disease in dogs. These include Anipryl and Vetoryl. Vetoryl is currently undergoing FDA approval for animals, but Anipryl is fully approved in the United States for treating cushings disease in dogs. Anipryl takes longer to take effect in animals, but has a very high effectiveness in the long run. Also, since Anipryl is not a chemotherapeutic drug, it has no adverse side effects. So you may want to consider it as a first choice for treating your dog's Canine Cushings Disease.

REGULAR DOG TOOTH CLEANING IMPORTANAT FOR DOG HEALTH

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Todays tips-Regular Dog Tooth Cleaning Important For Dog Dental Health
Regular dog tooth cleaning will prevent a lot of dental problems as your dog ages. And starting to brush your puppy's teeth when he is young will get him used to the idea, making it much easier for you to provide preventative dog dental care.
Unless dogs mouths are regularly touched when they are puppies, they will grow up to be difficult when you or the vet tries to examine them. It's easy to desensitize your dog to being examined like this. Just spend 5 minutes a day touching his lips, opening his mouth, touching the teeth and gums, when he is a puppy. Do it in a very calm and relaxed way, and do it regularly. This is also a great idea if your dog is around children, as he won't be alarmed should they touch his mouth.
Dog tooth cleaning should not be done with the same toothpaste that we use, as it can harm them. There are special dog toothpastes and dog toothbrushes available on both the internet and at local pet stores.
The best way to get your dog used to brushing is to put a small amount of the toothpaste on a cotton ball and rub it on his teeth. Dog toothpaste is made to taste good to dogs, so the flavor shouldn't be an issue. Once he's used to this, try using a finger brush. You can also get these from your vet or pet shop. For larger breeds, you will want to then move onto using a dog toothbrush.
Regular brushing of dog teeth will help remove the calculus and bits of food in your dog's mouth. Other ways of helping remove calculus include using special rawhide dog chews that are made for dental care. CET are one recommended company that make their dog chews with a special enzyme that helps prevent plaque forming, and prevents the buildup of bacteria. And the chews themselves have a natural, abrasive action.
Other dog tooth health products include special dental care food, that generally works by having a slightly abrasive action. These are available from your vet.
Often dogs will still need a dental treatment from the vet as they age. Dogs have to be sedated to do this, though only a light anaesthetic is used. An oral exam will be performed first to see if there are teeth that need to be removed, and x-rays can show any cracked or diseased teeth.
Veterinary dog tooth cleaning involves scaling the teeth to remove tartar both above and below the gum line. Teeth are then polished, which prevents plaque from adhering to the surface. Vets generally then give your dog a fluoride treatment to help strengthen the enamel and also prevent plaque forming. Any diseased and broken teeth are pulled out at this point. Vets who are specialized in canine dental care can give your dog any root canals or similar treatments, but this is not a routine procedure with regular vets and may need a referral

ANIMAL FATS AND CARBOHYDRATES FOR DOGS

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Todays Tips- To know about Animals fats and Carbohydrates for dogs
When looking at what to feed your dog then you may want to research the different foods available. In order to keep them healthy, your dog needs a certain amount of animal fats and carbohydrates as well as everything else. So what foods are better for them and how much should you feed the dog?
Animal Fats
Dogs need essential fatty acids to keep them healthy but only two types of animal fats contain these essential fatty acids. All of the other animal fats contain just as many calories as vegetable oil and they are really not as good for your dog as essential fatty acids are.
The two fats which are good for your dog in small amounts are lard and horse fat. Many people feed their dogs beef and mutton fats but generally they are not overly good for your dog and they should never be fed solely as that will lead to health problems.
Potatoes
Not many owners feed their dogs potatoes but it is worth giving them a few every now and again with their food. They contain almost the same amount of carbohydrates as cereal grains though they should not be used as the main food in your dog’s diet. You should still feed dry biscuits too.
Cereal Grains
Cereal grains are generally the main source of carbohydrates for dogs. They mainly contain starch and it is found in foods such as boiled rice, corn meal, hominy grits and breakfast cereals. As with all other foods, cereal grains should never really be used for more than 50 percent of your dog’s diet.
Bread
Bread is a food which many owners do not give their dogs. Whilst it may seem strange however, bread is actually one of the best sources of carbohydrates that you can give to your dog. Most dogs do not mind either white or whole wheat bread and usually it even has added vitamins and minerals.
Specialty Flour Products
These types of carbohydrates include spaghetti, flour noodles and macaroni and again just like bread they are often overlooked. One of the best things about these types of foods is that owners find them to be more convenient as you can mix large amounts of the food at the same time and cook it when needed in smaller amounts.
Overall dogs need a variety of different foods and you should always ensure that they get a healthy mixture of carbohydrates and animal fats as well as dry food.

PREGNANT AND LACTATING DOGS-SIGNS OF NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY

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Todays Tips- Pregnanat and lactating Dogs-Signs of Nutritional Deficiency
Pregnancy is stressful to the biology of a dog. Whilst a healthy male dog can father hundreds of puppies without any significant stress (except perhaps the problem of STD's), female dogs use a lot of energy and nutrient during pregnancy and lactation.
If a dog is not fed enough good quality food to supply these nutrients, she will have to use the ones stored in her own body's tissues. This will lead to malnourishment. And if she depletes her own body's sources of vitamins and minerals, a whole host of other problems will develop.
When a dog is pregnant, poor diet can express in the following ways:
1. An "out of condition" appearance of the dog. This may not be apparent until after the puppies are born. An actual loss in body weight throughout pregnancy can happen, but it's unusual in most instances.
2. Uncontrollable diarrhea after whelping (when the puppies are born), and throughout most of lactation. This is most often seen when she must increase her food intake too much to meet the increased demands of lactational because the food she has been eating is poorly digested or low in calories.
3. The "fading puppy" syndrome. The puppy may appear normal at birth, but several hours to days later it is found crying or whimpering, and chilled. It is off by itself, obviously disowned by the mother. Attempts to reunite the two are usually met with failure. The puppy's stomach will be empty and its body will be dehydrated. When weighed, it will weigh the same or less than the day before.
4. Anemias. When anemia occurs as the result of a dietary deficiency during pregnancy, it will be present in both the dam and pup. When both mother and pup are anemic, the first place to look for is the diet of the mother.
When the puppies are born, an inadequate diet during lactation is most likely to appear as:
1. Lactation failure (agalactia). This is a complete failure of the mammary glands. The dog produces no milk at all from which the pups can be nourished. These pups cry continuously, fail to gain weight, and unless immediate remedial feeding is started, the pups will die.
2. Lactation depression (dysgalactia). While the mammary glands are functional, they are unable to produce enough of milk to fully support the pups' complete nutritional needs. The pups' growth rate is restricted, and they may become stunted.
3. Deficient milk. The milk, although it may be produced in adequate amounts, is deficient in one or more nutrients.

GIVING YOUR DOGS PILLS

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Todays Tips-Giving Your Dogs Pills
Giving medication can be difficult for anybody, even your veterinarian. It is one of those skills of pet care that's important to aquire. It is important to give the medication properly, for the prescribed period of time, for pet health.
Step 1
Put the pill between the thumb and the index finger . Hold the upper jaw with the thumb and index finger of the other hand.
Step 2
Fold the upper lip over the teeth as you open the mouth. This will lower the chance of being bitten.
Step 3
Tilt the head upwards. Use your middle finger to slowly open the jaw.
Step 4
Put the pill as far back on the tongue as possible. Immediately close the mouth. Keeping your hand over the mouth.
Step 5
Rub the throat or blow on the nose to encourage swallowing.
Helpful hints
Always read the label instructions.
Ask your veterinarian if the medication can be given with food or must be given on an empty stomach. If it can be given with food, just put the pill into a piece of cheese or balled up spoon of canned food.

BAD DOG BEHAVIOUR-TIPS TO STOP YOUR DOG CHEWING EVERYTHING

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Todays Tips-Tips to stop your dog chewing everything.
Bad dog behaviour seems to be worse with dogs in the house, simply because this is not a natural environment. Outside, they generally don't have to worry about shoes and vases, and fragile glassware or electrical items that can be ruined by their natural playfulness.
"The vast majority of behavior problems that you have with dogs are normal behavior patterns, but inappropriate for the setting in which they're occurring," says Daniel Q. Estep, Ph.D., a certified applied animal behaviorist in private practice in Littleton, Colorado.
Its normal for dogs to chew things. In their natural environment, this is not bad dog behaviour. But dogs are fast learners, for the most part. Here are some dog training tips to help you reduce the bad behaviour in your dog, and make the house a better place for the both of you:

1. Give your dog lots of toys. No matter what the age of a dog, from puppy to adult, give them lots of toys. You won't stop your dog from chewing things completely, what you are trying to do is train him to understand what can be chewed and what cannot. The first step is providing him some alternatives in the form of toys.
2. Do not give your dog toys that either used to belong to you, or still belong to you. And this includes old shoes, clothing, or anything. Things you have even once owned, even when washed, will still carry your scent. You may not smell anything but laundry perfumes, but your dog will still be able to pick up your scent. So if you give them anything that belonged to you and encourage them to chew on that, they won't know not to chew other things. And when they get in trouble for chewing things that they shouldn't, they will be thoroughly confused. You are effectively sending your dog mixed messages by doing this.
3. Create a space for your dog that is his. If you have the space, give him a room. Otherwise, a crate or a dog house. Use this when disciplining him, or when you are going out and can't keep an eye on his activities

SEIZURES IN DOGS

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Todays Tips- Seizures in Dogs
Seizures are one of the most frequently seen pet health problems in dogs.There are a number of things that you can do at home in pet care to lessen the severity. A seizure is also known as a convulsion.
SIGNS
The signs of seizures vary, but they generally include some of the following symptoms.
- Loss or derangement of consciousness, -Contractions of all the muscles in the body, -Changes in mental awareness from nonresponsiveness to hallucinations, Involuntary urination, defecation, or salivation,-Behavioral changes, including non-recognition of owner, viciousness, pacing, and running in circles
Seizures consist of three components:
1) The pre-ictal phase, or aura, is a period of altered behavior in which the dog may hide, appear nervous, or seek out the owner. It may be restless, nervous, whining, shaking, or salivating. This may last a few seconds to a few hours.
2) The ictal phase is the seizure itself and lasts from a few seconds to about five minutes. During this period, all of the muscles of the body contract strongly. The dog usually falls on its side and seems paralyzed while shaking. The head will be drawn backward. Urination, defecation, and salivation often occur. If it is not over within five minutes, the dog is said to be in status epilepticus or prolonged seizure.
3) During the post-ictal phase, there is confusion, disorientation, salivation, pacing, restlessness, and/or temporary blindness. There is no direct correlation between the severity of the seizure and the duration of the post-ictal phase.
Despite the dramatic signs of a seizure, the dog feels no pain, only bewilderment. Dogs do not swallow their tongues. If you put your fingers into its mouth, you will do no benefit to your pet and will run a high risk of being bitten very badly. The important thing is to keep the dog from falling and hurting itself. As long as it is on the floor or ground, there is little chance of harm occurring. If seizures continue for longer than a few minutes, the body temperature begins to rise. If hyperthermia develops secondary to a seizure, another set of problems may have to be addressed.
STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Status epilepticus bears special note. It is characterized by a seizure that lasts more than five minutes. When it occurs, the dog's life is endangered. Unless intravenous medication is given promptly, the patient may die. If this occurs, you should seek treatment by a veterinarian immediately.
CAUSES
There are many, many causes of seizures. Epilepsy is the most common and of least consequence to the dog. The other extreme includes severe diseases such as brain tumors. Fortunately, most are due to epilepsy.
When a seizure occurs, we begin by taking a thorough history concentrating on possible exposure to poisonous or hallucinogenic substances or history of head trauma. We also perform a physical examination, a basic battery of blood tests, and an electrocardiogram (EKG). These tests rule out disorders of the liver, kidneys, heart, electrolytes, and blood sugar level. A heartworm test is performed if your dog is not taking heartworm preventative very regularly.
If these tests are normal and there is no exposure to poison or recent trauma, further diagnostics may be performed depending on the severity and frequency of the seizures. Occasional seizures are of less concern than when the seizures are becoming more severe and frequent. In this instance, a spinal fluid tap and fluid analysis may be performed. Depending on availability, specialized imaging of the head with a CAT scan or MRI might be performed. Fortunately, these additional tests are usually not needed.
TO THE VETERINARIAN..
We generally prescribe 1-2 weeks of anticonvulsant therapy. If there are no more seizures during that time, the anticonvulsants are gradually discontinued. The next treatment is determined by how long it takes for another seizure to occur. That may be days, months, or years. At some point, many dogs have seizures frequently enough to justify continuous anticonvulsant therapy. Since that means that medication must be given every 12 to 24 hours for the rest of the dog's life, we do not recommend that until seizures occur about every 30 days or unless they last more than five minutes.
It is important to avoid sudden discontinuation of any anticonvulsant medication. Even normal dogs may be induced to seizure if placed on anticonvulsant medication and then abruptly withdrawn from it. Your veterinarian can outline a schedule for discontinuing the medication.
HYPOALLERGENIC DIET.
There are reports that show a link between diet and seizures in dogs. Every seizuring pet should at least try a commercial hypoallergenic diet for 12 weeks. You can also make your own elimination diet.

DOG FOOD

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Todays Tips- Your Dog's Food
Dog food is an essential part of pet care. Feeding your dog with premium food designed for his stage of life is a big part of excellent dog care.
YOUR DOG'S FEEDING SCHEDULE
Your dog's nutritional requirements may never be more demanding than when she is a puppy. Therefore it is essential that you choose a high quality food that is nutritionally complete and balanced for optimum nutrition during this critical growth stage.
HELPFUL SUGGESTIONS FOR FEEDING YOUR DOG
Good feeding habits start as soon as you get your dog! Your dog's diet will influence her health status, development, appearance and attitude. How you feed your dog will influence many behaviour aspects, from house training to begging. It is also important to prevent your puppy from gaining too much weight, which can predispose her to obesity and its associated health problems later in life.
The following tips will get you off to a good start.
1. Choose your dog's diet carefully! There is excessive misinformation in the market regarding puppy foods. We know it's confusing, particularly with all the advertising and marketing efforts by competing companies. The old adage "you get what you pay for" probably applies more to pet foods than anything else. We encourage you not to compare foods by the "Guaranteed Analysis" on the label - it is a chemical analysis only and it measures gross quantities of ingredient types - it tells you nothing about the quality or digestibility of the ingredients. Don't hesitate to ask your local vet about any issues you may have regarding your dog's diet.
2. Do not "free choice feed" your dog. Free choice feeding is essentially feeding your pet as much as he wants to eat. Free choice feeding can contribute to digestive upset (vomiting and diarrhea), bloating, difficulty in house training, and obesity.
The best approach is to feed your dog's daily allotment of food in two or three measured meals a day. If your dog hasn't eaten his measured amount of food within 15 minutes, remove it. Continue on with the same measured portion at the next meal. If you find your pet consistently isn't finishing his meal but is otherwise doing well, cut back on the total daily allotment. On the other hand, even if your dog devours the meal in a few minutes, do not give more food.
Watch his body condition and review this with us at each visit.
3. Avoid feeding your dog "human food". Establishing right from the start that "human food" is off-limits will reduce begging and an increased opportunity for obesity. It also helps minimize the chance of dogs becoming very picky eaters. If you must feed some "human food", stick to small amounts of low calorie options such as vegetables, rice, etc., but always put them in your puppy's bowl! Never feed your dog from the table.
4. Familiarize yourself with healthy treats. We all like to treat our pets. It helps us in socializing, training and just plain loving them. There are several healthy treat options now on the market. Remember many treats on the market have more calories than you find in a ½ cup of dog food!
5. Use meals as a house training opportunity! Puppies normally eliminate 5 to 15 minutes after eating a meal. Therefore, after the feeding take your puppy outside to the appropriate place in your yard where you would like him to eliminate, and wait for the magic moment. Praise your puppy for a job well done!
Puppies also need to eliminate after nap and play sessions. Use this to your advantage in training and avoiding "accidents"!
6. Food is an excellent training tool! Food makes training easier and more positive for you and your dog.
7. Feed your dog in a quiet place. Avoid feeding just prior to or just after exercise. This helps establish consistency, reduces excitement around a meal, and reduces the incidence of stomach upset.
8. Change diets slowly. If you are changing your dog's diet, mix the new food with the previous diet in small amounts the first day or two. Then the portion of the new diet can be gradually increased over a week or so until your dog is completely on the new diet. This will reduce the likelihood of vomiting and diarrhea. Your dog should make a formed stool, which is easy to pick up.
9. Bones and milk. Please do not feed your dog any bones. Digestive disturbances, bone fragments and their resulting damage can require the use of medication and possibly surgery. Many dogs cannot digest milk, and it ends up giving them diarrhea. This can also interfere with the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract.

ALLERGIC VACCINATION REACTION IN DOGS

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Todays Tips- Allergic vaccination reaction in Dogs.
Immunizations (or vaccines) are intended to stimulate the immune system so as to protect the animal from the infectious agent. However, this stimulation may cause some minor symptoms. Your pet may react to immunizations in ways that range from soreness at the site of injection to mild fever to allergic reactions, which can range from mild to severe.
Mild.
Mild reactions include fever, sluggishness, and loss of appetite. Mild reactions usually resolve without treatment.
Moderate.
Urticaria is a moderate vascular reaction of the skin marked by hives or wheals and rapid swelling and redness of the lips, around the eyes, and in the neck region. It is usually extremely itchy. Urticaria may progress to anaphylaxis, which is considered life-threatening. Urticaria is the most common reaction in dogs.
Severe.
The most severe reaction is anaphylaxis, a sudden, severe allergic response that produces breathing difficulties, collapse and possible death. Symptoms usually include sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, staggering, rapid drop in blood pressure, swelling of the larynx leading to airway obstruction (and inability to breathe), seizures and cardiovascular collapse or death. This reaction is life-threatening for your dog.Both anaphylaxis and urticaria are reactions that are triggered by antibodies that the immune system has made to some portion of the vaccine and usually requires at least one previous exposure to the vaccine. The antibodies cause inflammatory cells like basophils and mast cells to release substances that cause the allergic reaction. The impact on the dog may be life threatening but if treated successfully the prognosis for long-term health is good. Mild reactions usually resolve without treatment.DiagnosisThere is no diagnostic test for anaphylaxis or urticaria, but a quick physical exam will show common signs of an allergic reaction and the history will reveal recent vaccination.
Treatment
Anaphylaxis is an extreme emergency. Your veterinarian will begin immediate emergency life support including establishing an open airway, oxygen administration, intravenous fluids to increase blood pressure and drugs such as epinephrine, diphenhydramine and corticosteroids. Dogs that survive the first few minutes usually return to normal health. Anaphylaxis usually occurs soon after vaccination, often while the dog is still in the veterinary clinic.

Urticaria occurs soon after vaccination, often shortly after the animal gets home. Your veterinarian will recommend immediate return to the hospital for treatment. An oral antihistamine such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) may be recommended to initiate treatment. Urticaria is usually treated successfully with injectable corticosteroids like dexamethasone or prednisone. Antihistamines do little to help with acute allergic reactions but may be given by injection to help prevent recurrence of symptoms after steroids wear off.

Mild vaccination reactions usually require no treatment. However, if the symptoms persist for more than 24 hours, call your veterinarian.
Home Care and Prevention
Be sure to schedule vaccination appointments when you will be available to monitor your dog after the vaccine is administered. Be sure to call your veterinarian with any questions or concerns.The good news is that severe vaccination reactions are rare. The risk of anaphylaxis and urticaria are much more rare than the benefit of the vaccine in most cases. You can limit vaccines to those that prevent diseases to which your dog may be exposed. Your veterinarian is the best judge of what vaccines are needed to protect against the diseases in your area. Your veterinarian will record any adverse reactions to vaccines to help prevent those vaccines from being administered again. It is a good idea to also keep a record yourself. Reactions are more commonly associated with vaccines for leptospira, rabies and parvovirus.

Hypothyroidism in Dogs

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Todays Tips- Hypothyroidism in Dogs
Hypothyoid disease is a very common pet health problem. Affected dogs show a variety of signs, the most common being lethargy, weight gain, recurring skin problems. The diagnosis is relatively easy, although the treatment options are limited.Hypothyroid disease is a relatively common pet health problem in dogs, but rarely seen in cats. There are some specific at home pet care remedies that you can do to improve your dog's health.
The thyroid gland is one of the most important glands in the body. It is located in the neck near the trachea and is composed of two lobes, one on each side of the trachea (windpipe). This gland is controlled by the body’s master gland, the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain.

The thyroid gland regulates the rate of metabolism. If it is hyperfunctional, metabolism speeds up. If it is less functional than normal, metabolism slows down. The latter is the basis for the clinical signs of hypothyroidism.
CAUSES
Hypothyroidism is almost always caused by one of two diseases: lymphocytic thyroiditis or idiopathic thyroid gland atrophy. The former disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism and is thought to be an immune-mediated disease. This means that the immune system decides that the thyroid is abnormal or foreign and attacks it. It is not known why the immune system does this. Idiopathic thyroid gland atrophy is also poorly understood. Normal thyroid tissue is replaced by fat tissue in what is considered a degenerative disease.
These two causes of hypothyroidism account for more than 95% of the cases. The other five percent are due to uncommon diseases, including cancer of the thyroid gland.
SIGNS
When the rate of metabolism slows down, virtually every organ in the body is affected in some manner. Most affected dogs have one or more of several “typical” physical and/or chemical abnormalities. These include:
-Weight gain without an increase in appetite-Lethargy and lack of desire to exercise-Cold intolerance (gets cold easily)-Dry hair coat with excessive shedding-Very thin hair coat to near baldness-Increased pigmentation in the skin-Increased susceptibility to skin and ear infections-Failure to regrow hair after clipping or shaving-high blood cholesterol-Thickening of the facial skin so they have a “tragic facial expression”-Abnormal function of nerves causing non-painful lameness, dragging of feet, incoordination, and a head tilt-Loss of libido and infertility in intact males-Lack of heat periods, infertility, and abortion in females-Fat deposits in the corneas of the eyes-Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (“dry eye” due to very thick tears)
DIAGNOSIS
The most common test is for the T4 level. This is a measurement of the main thyroid hormone in a blood sample. If it is below normal and the correct clinical signs are present, the test is meaningful. However, testing for the T4 level can be misleading because some dogs that are not hypothyroid may have subnormal levels. This happens when another disease is present or when certain drugs are given.
If hypothyroidism is suspected but the T4 is normal, other tests can be performed. These are more expensive so they are not used as first line tests.
TREATMENT
TO THE VET
Hypothyroidism is treatable but not curable. It is treated with oral administration of a thyroid replacement hormone. This drug must be given for the rest of the dog’s life.
There is a standard dose that is used initially; it is based on the dog’s weight. However, after about one month of treatment, further testing is done to verify that the thyroid hormone levels are normal. In some dogs, the dose will need to be further adjusted every 6-12 months.
If too much medication is given, signs of hyperthyroidism can be caused. These include hyperactivity, lack of sleep, weight loss, and an increase in water consumption. If any of these occur, notify us so that a proper adjustment can be made.
ANTIOXIDANTS.
In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is being attacked by the immune system, therefore, antioxidants may give it some protection. The three most effective antioxidants are Vitamin E, Vitamin C and Selenium.

ATTENTION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR

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Todays tips-Attention Seeking Behaviour
Both we and our dogs engage in a little attention getting behavior from time to time, and there's nothing particularly wrong with that – as long as the behavior stays within reasonable limits. If a dog barks at his owner as if to say, "Hey you! Over here," – that's perfectly acceptable communication if your dog has something to convey and is otherwise being ignored. Likewise, if you are engrossed in conversation and your dog paws at your leg to solicit your attention, or to be petted, it's no big deal to respond if you're up for it.But what you have to remember is that your dog will quickly learn what works and what doesn't according to how you respond. If you always (or even worse, sometimes) cave in to unreasonable requests, you will get even more of the obnoxious behavior in the future. The principle involved is "positive reinforcement," which effectively ensures that you reap what you sow.
Even telling your dog to stop, or reprimanding him, can be rewarding for some dogs. The principle here is that some attention, even negative attention, is better than no attention at all. Attention seeking behavior can reach serious proportions. Take, for example, a dog that is always barking in your face to maintain your undivided attention, or one that constantly jumps on you or paws you whenever you are talking with a friend. Some dogs try to attract attention by stealing things and chewing them up or even swallowing them. Your hysterical reaction, yelling and chasing the dog to get the object back, can be just what the attention-needy dog wants. The game "keep away" that results is, apparently, a whole lot of fun for the dog – especially if you wave your arms around and scream a lot. Other attention seeking behaviors can be really strange. Some dogs develop pseudo-medical attention-seeking behaviors, like faking lameness, following a visit to a veterinary clinic where they have received much attention for their ailment. A toy poodle patient of mine scratched violently at his face for years despite intense diagnostic workups and assorted medical interventions by her veterinarian owner. The problem resolved when the other dog in the house died and resumed when the owner acquired another dog. In retrospect, the dog was scratching her face because she wanted attention, any attention, including medical attention, from her veterinarian owner when she engaged in the behavior.
Types of Attention Seeking Behaviors
Barking
Whining
Vomiting
Feigning lameness
Chasing lights or shadows
Snapping at "imaginary" flies
Strange bodily contortions and posturing
What to Do About It
The main principle behind treating attention-seeking behaviors is to ignore the behavior. But it doesn't work right away. In fact, the behavior may get worse, even more intense or more demanding, before it eventually fades away. It's as if the dog is thinking, "That's odd – this used to work. I'd better try even harder to make it work again."
Stages in TreatmentThe treatment stages are as follows:
Owner ignores unwanted behavior, say, stealing objects.
Dogs steals more items, more often and dances around in front of the owner to try to get him to intervene or Chase him
Owner continues to ignore the behavior.
Dog starts to lose confidence in this attention-getting technique and performs it less frequently.
Owner continues to ignore the dog's charades.
Dogs attention seeking behavior eventually peters out
Warning
If you give in intermittently, or succumb to your dogs charades after a lengthy period of trying to "tough it out," you will actually reinforce the behavior even more firmly. The dog learns that if he keeps it up, attention will eventually come his way. This is the same principle that keeps gamblers riveted to "one arm bandit" slot machines.
How to Hasten Successful Treatment
Use of a "bridging stimulus" can help speed up successful treatment. A bridging stimulus is a neutral signal or cue that heralds a particular consequence. The actual stimulus could be the sound of a duck call or tuning fork, or the sound made by striking a key on a piano. The noisemaker is sounded at the time the dog is engaging in the unwanted behavior to signal that the owner is about to withdraw attention, perhaps even leave the room. You must follow through after issuing the cue. It must always signal immediate withdrawal of your attention or the dog will fail to make an association between its unwanted behavior and the inevitable consequence.What the bridging stimulus does is focus the dog's attention on that point in time when attention withdrawal is imminent. It is not intended to be aversive but rather to be a consistent herald of what is to follow. Attention behavior will melt away more consistently and rapidly if a bridging stimulus is used than if attention withdrawal is employed on its own without such a signal.
Conclusion
Dogs that display attention-seeking behaviors are needy individuals that are probably under duress or are in some emotional conflict. Pretty much, any behavior can be reinforced as an attention seeking behavior: Attention-seeking components may be involved in various other behavior problems, too. The attention-hungry dog will do whatever works best to get you to pay more attention to him.

WHAT IS CANINE INFLUENZA?HOW IS DOG WITH CANINE INFLUENZA TREATED

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Todays Tips-What i s Canine Influenza?How is dog with canine influenza treated?
Dog Flu, also called Canine Influenza, is a new dog disease. It is similar to Canine Cough. Only a small percent of Canine Influenza cases cause death. The disease has adapted in the dog from a common infection in horses. It is a highly contagious and sometimes deadly canine flu that is spreading in kennels and at dog tracks around the country.
Currently there seems to be much misinformation about this emerging infection in dogs.
There are no reported cases in Canada, and the U.S. infections seem to be confined to Boarding Kennels and Greyhound Race Tracks.
There are a multitude of disorders and diseases that will cause a dog to cough and gag and hack.
Individual assessment for your dog is imperative to diagnose the true cause of the dog's difficulties.
What is canine influenza?
Canine influenza is a highly contagious respiratory infection of dogs that is caused by a virus. The canine influenza virus is closely related to the virus that causes equine influenza and it is thought that the equine influenza virus mutated to produce the canine influenza virus.
For ways to treat your pet with at-home remedies that are safe, natural and
Two clinical syndromes have been seen in dogs infected with the canine influenza virus—a mild form of the disease and a more severe form that is accompanied by pneumonia.
Most Dogs suffering with the mild form of canine influenza develop a soft, moist cough that persists for 10 to 30 days. Some dogs have a dry cough similar to the "kennel cough" caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica/parainfluenza virus complex. For this reason, canine influenza virus infections are frequently mistaken for "kennel cough." Dogs with the mild form of influenza may also have a thick nasal discharge, which is usually caused by a secondary bacterial infection.
Dogs with the severe form of canine influenza develop high temperatures (104ºF to 106ºF) and have clinical signs of pneumonia, such as increased respiratory rates and effort. Pneumonia may be due to a secondary bacterial infection.
Because this is a newly emerging disease, almost all dogs, regardless of breed or age, are susceptible to infection and have no immunity. Virtually all dogs that are exposed to the virus become infected and nearly 80% show clinical signs of disease. Fortunately, most affected dogs have the mild form.
Do dogs die from canine influenza?
Fatal cases of pneumonia resulting from infection with canine influenza virus have been reported in dogs, but the fatality rate (5% to 8%) has been low so far.
How is a dog with canine influenza treated?
As with any disease caused by a virus, treatment is largely supportive. Good animal care practices and nutrition assist dogs in mounting an effective immune response. In the milder form of the disease, a thick green nasal discharge, which most likely represents a secondary bacterial infection, usually resolves quickly after treatment with a broad-spectrum bactericidal antimicrobial. In the more severe form of the disease, pneumonia is thought to often be caused by bacteria, and responds best to IV Fluids and a antibiotics.
Is canine influenza virus transmissible from dogs to humans?
To date, there is no evidence of transmission of canine influenza virus from dogs to people.

VACCINATING YOUR NEW DOGS AND DOG VACCINES

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Todays Tips-Vaccinating your new dog and Dog Vaccines
Vaccines are a controversial topic- How many?? How Often?? Will they harm my pet??
These are important questions for you want to give your dog the best pet care.
The approach to vaccines is to give only what is necessary as infrequently as possible for the best pet health.
New research has suggested that following the series of puppy boosters, and booster at 1 year, individual vaccines will give protection for longer than 1 year. Meaning you DON'T need combination vaccine boosters every year!!
Vaccines have been linked to the occasional auto-immune disease ( where the body attacks part of itself) and allergies.
That being said, Vaccines are important in preventing some of the serious infectious diseases that still occur today. The 3 most common ones are Canine Parvovirus ( causes severe bloody diarrhea), Canine Distemper (cause nervous system signs ) and Rabies.
When puppies are born, their immune systems are not mature enough to make antibodies until approximately 8 to 12 weeks of age. Nature provides for temporary immunity in the form of colostrum, which is very rich in antibodies. Babies who fail to suckle colostrum in the first few days of life will be extremely susceptible to disease until their own immune system matures and makes their own antibodies.
We as pet owners assume that our healthy puppy did get its mother's colostrum. After weaning around the age of 8 weeks, it is now your responsibility to protect your new pet by putting him on a vaccination schedule.
VACCINATION SCHEDULE
First visit - 8 weeks: Distemper + Parvovirus + Parainfluenza + Hepatitis
Second visit - 12 weeks: Distemper + Parvovirus + Parainfluenza + Hepatitis
Third visit - 16 weeks: Parvovirus + Rabies + Parainfluenza + Distemper + Hepatitis
Year 1 - Parvovirus , Parainfluenza, Distemper, Hepatitis and Rabies.
Year 2 - Parvovirus
Year 3 - Distemper
Year 4- Rabies
This cycle is repeated until your pet reaches the age of 12. At that age we stop vaccinating all together. It is still important that your pet has yearly checkups.
Canine Distemper
Vaccination against this often fatal, hard-to-treat disease is absolutely essential. Highly contagious, it is spread by discharges from the noses and eyes of infected dogs. Symptoms can include listlessness, fever, coughing, diarrhea and vomiting; convulsions and paralysis may occur in the disease's final stages. The distemper virus attacks many organs, including the nervous system, which may be permanently damaged, even if the dog recovers.
Canine Tracheobronchitis (CANINE COUGH)
Just as with the human common cold, this respiratory-tract infection is easily transmitted from one dog to another, so vaccination is imperative if your pet will come in contact with many other dogs in such situations as obedience training or boarding at a kennel. Caused by various airborne bacteria and viruses, including Canine Parainfluenza virus, Canine Adenovirus Type II and Bordetella Bronchiseptica, you'll first notice its onset by your dog's dry, hacking cough.
Canine Parvovirus
Very contagious, debilitating and widespread, the disease caused by this virus emerged in many parts of the world only in 1978. Spread through infected feces, the highly resistant virus can remain in the environment for many months. Symptoms include high fever, listlessness, vomiting and diarrhea. Vaccination is the only certain method of preventing this potentially fatal disease, which is most severe in young pups and elderly dogs.
Rabies
This incurable viral disease affects the central nervous system of almost all mammals, including humans. It is spread through contact with the saliva of infected animals (which can include skunks, foxes, raccoons and bats) through bites or any break in the skin. Vaccination will provide your pet with much greater resistance to rabies if he is exposed to the disease, but you must be aware that there is no cure once it occurs. For this reason, many municipalities absolutely require that all dogs receive rabies vaccinations on a regular basis. Plus, you will definitely have to prove that your dog is vaccinated if you travel with him - whether across the province, to the United States or around the world.
Infectious Canine Hepatitis
Caused by Canine Adenovirus Type I, this disease is transmitted among dogs by contact with secretions, such as saliva, infected urine or feces. Its symptoms are similar to those of the early stages of distemper. Causing liver failure, eye damage and breathing problems, the course of this disease can range from mild to fatal. Vaccination remains the best protection.

BACK AND DISC PROBLEMS

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Todays Tips-Back and Disc Problems
SIGNS
Your pet is unable to speak, but she can communicate well with body language. She may be hunched over, or have her spine twisted to one side. She will be in pain and may have trouble moving or cry when you pick her up.
CAUSES
Back pain is particularly common in low, long dogs, such as Dachshunds. We also see it in the highly active dogs that do a lot of jumping, such as Border Collies. Anything that puts undo pressure on the spine can cause a back spasm.
The spinal cord is one of the most important and sensitive organs in the body. If it is damaged, the nerve cells do not regenerate but are replaced with fibrous or scar tissue. Spinal cord injuries usually result in permanent damage. Therefore, the spinal cord is protected in a very special fashion. It goes through a bony canal within the spine and is surrounded by protective bone everywhere except the junction of two vertebrae. These junctions are filled by rubber-like cushions called intervertebral discs. They allow the back to move up and down and sideways without allowing contact between the bones of the spinal column. This extreme protection of the spinal cord reflects its importance and fragility.
The disc is composed of two parts. The outer covering is much like a thick shell. It is comprised of tough fibers that protect and contain the central part. The disc is thinnest at the top. This thin area is located just below the spinal cord. The central part of the disc is much softer than the outer part and has the consistency of thick toothpaste.
When the outer shell degenerates, it allows the central part of the disc to escape. This is called a disc rupture or a "slipped" disc. Since the disc is thinnest near the spinal cord, disc material that escapes through the tear usually goes upward, putting pressure on the spinal cord. Because the spinal cord is encased within its bony canal, it cannot move away from the pressure and it becomes “pinched”.
Degenerative disc disease causes spontaneous degeneration of the outer part of the disc, resulting in disc rupture. It may not be related to injury, although trauma is a common cause. It is also not related to age. Most dogs with degenerative disc disease are 3-7 years old. It is a sudden event most likely due to genetic factors. Certain breeds, especially the Dachshund, Poodle, Pekinese, Lhaso Apso, German Shepherd, Doberman and Cocker Spaniel have a high incidence of disc disease.
Most owners report that a disc rupture occurred following some kind of traumatic event, such as a relatively small jump or fall. Although this act is frequently blamed for the disc rupture, the injury actually occurred due to chronic disc degeneration.
The spinal cord is like a telephone cable carrying thousands of tiny wires. When it is crushed, transmission of information through the wires is slowed or stopped. When the disc degenerates and ruptures, a similar event in the spinal cord occurs. The central part is forced upward, putting pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves that leave the spinal cord over the discs (i.e. spinal nerves). Pressure on the spinal nerves results in pain. Pressure on the spinal cord results in pain and/or loss of information transmission causing partial or complete paralysis.
Most disc ruptures occur in the middle to lower part of the back. However, they may also occur in the neck. Back injuries often cause paralysis without severe pain while neck injuries usually cause severe pain without paralysis. If paralysis affects all four legs, the disc rupture must be in the neck. Due to the way nerve tracts are arranged in the spinal cord, disc ruptures in the neck may affect the rear legs first and may not involve the front limbs.
Disc degeneration usually occurs relatively slowly, usually over several days or weeks. The dog often experiences pain and becomes reluctant to move. It may lie around for a few days allowing the body to try to heal the injury, often without the owner being aware that a problem existed. However, discs may also rupture very acutely. Some dogs will go from normal walking to total paralysis in less than one hour.
DIAGNOSIS
A presumptive diagnosis of disc disease is made based on the dog's history of neck or back pain, uncoordinated walking, or paralysis when there is no history of trauma. The physical examination will indicate that the problem originates from the spinal cord, giving further evidence to disc disease. Another important factor is the breed. If the dog is one of the high incidence breeds, the diagnosis is even more likely.
In some cases, plain radiographs (x-rays) may assist the diagnosis, but they may also be normal since neither the disc nor the spinal cord is visible on an x-ray. If the diagnosis is in doubt or if surgery is to be performed, a myelogram may be done. This procedure involves injecting a special dye around the spinal cord while the dog is anesthetized. When radiographs are taken, the dye will be seen outlining the spinal cord. A break in the dye column means that there is pressure on the spinal cord at that point.
It is possible that the pressure is due to a blood clot or tumor. Both are possible but rare, especially when compared to disc ruptures. If the patient is a high-risk breed and there has been a sudden onset without trauma, there is an approximately 95% chance that a disc rupture is causing the clinical signs. However, the diagnosis is not definite until the time of surgery.

CANINE HEALTH PROBLEM-PREVENTING CANNE COUGHING

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Todays Tips- Canine health problem- Preventing Canine Coughing
Canine coughing is a potentially serious issue. If your dogs cough goes on for longer than a day, you may have a canine health problem on your hands, and you should take your dog to the vet immediately. Todaystips relates to prevent coughing caused by external irritants rather than coughing from viruses or bacteria. If your dog has the flu, or some other illness, it will need medication from the vet.

.Outside, pollen, dust, fumes or other types of irritants can cause your dog to cough. So make sure the area where your dog plays is as free of these things as possible. In summer, particularly if there is a lot of pollen in your area at this time, you could keep your dog inside in the early morning and late afternoon. Indoors, cleaning products, carpet powders, and dust stirred up by vacuuming can cause canine coughing just as much as it causes people to cough. Try keeping your dog in another room whilst you vacuum - the noise would probably bother him anyway.

.If the air is too dry inside your house, your dog can develop phlegm or mucous in the back of his throat. This will lead to canine coughing to try and clear it from the back of his throat. If this is a problem, try buying an air humidifier to keep the air more moist. They're not expensive.

.Second hand cigarette smoke is not good for animals. So if you smoke, try smoking outdoors. And if you must smoke inside, ensure there is very good ventilation and fresh air circulating. Open windows and doors. Or if its very cold or snowing outside, smoke at an open window, or in a room where the dog doesn't go. Some dogs have developed emphysema from the second hand smoke of their owners.

.Dogs can take cough suppressants. But you should talk to your vet about your dogs coughing before you give your dogs cough suppressants. There may be an underlying canine health issue that needs to be dealt with. Vets suggest using a product with the active ingredient dextromethorphan. But this should be an absolute last resort for dealing with canine coughing. If you've ever taken cough suppressants yourself, you'll know they don't make you feel full of vitality. I personally would rather cough than take a cough suppressant.

IS SHIVERING AN INDICATION OF PAIN

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Todays Tips-Is Shivering an indication of Pain
Shivering is not usually an indication of pain. Dogs shiver when cold just like humans, but there are also other causes. Nervous dogs can tremble and shiver as a result of nervous energy - this is more common in smaller dogs and is not something to worry about. Older dogs have also be known to start regularly shivering as a result of weak muscles and arthritis. There are also a large range of illnesses that can have shivering as one of their symptoms.
An ill dog with a fever may show these symptoms but there are many more less obvious illnesses for which shivering can be a symptom. These include some types of internal parasite, auto immune disease, and infectious diseases such as leptospirois, although most of these would have other symptoms such as fever, stiffness of joints and diarrhea in combination with the shivering

DOG HEALTH ISSUES

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Todays Tips-Dog health issues
Dogs of all ages are susceptible to infectious hepatitis - a dog health issue every dog owner should protect his animal against. Because approximately eighty percent of all dogs over one year of age are exposed to hepatitis, vaccination against the disease usually is considered a must.Hepatitis is caused by a virus which infects the kidneys and is eliminated in the urine even after the animal has recovered. Symptoms of this disease may vary in severity from dog to dog, but they usually include a fever of at least 104 degrees Fahrenheit.As the infection progresses with this serious dog health issues, the animal becomes listless, shows lack of appetite, develops an extreme thirst, and has watery discharge from his eyes. In addition, his throat, especially the tonsils, become swollen.Statistics indicate that the mortality rate for dogs with this disease is very high. Those dogs that recover usually eat well, but are slow to regain lost weight. For these reasons you should consult your family veterinarian immediately upon recognizing the symptoms and get the appropriate medication administered to the puppy as early as possible.
How Does The Virus Spread?
Major dog health issues such as infectious hepatitis is a disease that usually affects young puppies although it can strike dogs of any age. The virus is not airborne and it is not likely that your puppy will contract hepatitis in this manner.The hepatitis virus attacks a puppy when he comes in direct contact with the saliva or urine of infected animals. When given proper medication, the disease settles in the kidneys and is eliminated through your pup's urine.The virus may also be passed on to a puppy in an indirect way. Objects made out of wood or pieces of clothing may harbor canine hepatitis virus that may be transferred to others and cause severe dog health issues within the recipient.Urine from recovered animals also contains hepatitis virus and is a major factor in the spread of the disease. The urine of an infected animal is dangerous for some time following recovery. Pet owners should keep these dog health issues in mind when taking their pets out for their daily walks.
A Good Vaccination Program
A solid vaccination programme against dog health issues such as infectious hepatitis usually consists of two doses for puppy's under three months of age. The first dose is to be given after weaning and the second dose two to three weeks later. Dogs older than three months should respond to a single dose inoculation.Life-long preventions of major dog health issues for your dog or puppy can be maintained with an annual vaccination program. Please schedule an appointment with your veterinarian for an examination to ensure your pet is up-to-date with his shots to maintain good dog health.